Hearing Aids

Introduction to hearing aids

Hearing aids are small electronic devices designed to improve the audibility and clarity of sounds for individuals with hearing loss. These devices can make conversations more accessible, reduce strain in social situations, and improve overall quality of life. In the UK, hearing aids are a key solution to help millions of people manage hearing difficulties, restore confidence in daily interactions, and maintain active lifestyles. Although it might feel daunting at first, understanding the basics of hearing aids, their purpose, and the journey involved in obtaining one can bring a sense of reassurance.

Short paragraphs, bullet points, and occasional tables can help break down the different facets of hearing aids and the process of getting them. By the end of this guide, you will have the knowledge to make informed decisions about hearing aids and the support available throughout the UK.

Why hearing aids matter

Hearing loss can affect anyone, regardless of age or background. While hearing aids do not cure hearing loss, they play a significant role in helping people reconnect with the sounds they value—conversations with loved ones, music, and the ambient noises that form part of daily life. Whether you’re exploring hearing aids for yourself or a loved one, knowing why they matter is crucial to feeling comfortable moving forward.

• Improving communication: Amplifying speech can reduce the stress, fatigue, and potential isolation that often accompanies hearing difficulties.

• Enhancing quality of life: Regaining access to sounds can boost self-esteem and independence.

• Preventing further complications: Early intervention with hearing aids has been linked to better long-term cognitive health (NHS, 2019).

Key benefits of hearing aids

1. Amplification of sounds: Allows users to hear conversations more clearly in both quiet and noisy environments.

2. Filtering background noise: Advanced digital hearing aids can reduce disruptive background sounds.

3. Customisable settings: Many modern hearing aids are adaptable to different listening situations, such as crowded restaurants or quiet libraries.

Common concerns

Many people worry about the appearance of hearing aids or whether they will be comfortable wearing them. Today’s hearing aids are available in a variety of styles and sizes, often with discreet designs. They come with features like wireless connectivity, rechargeable batteries, and smartphone compatibility. These innovations help dispel some of the common fears and uncertainties around using them.

The stigma attached to hearing aids has decreased considerably, thanks to better public awareness and advancements in technology. With a supportive network of healthcare professionals, charities, and user forums, it’s easier than ever to access reliable information and guidance.

Understanding hearing loss

Hearing loss can arise from a variety of causes—ranging from prolonged exposure to loud noises and age-related decline, to infections or genetic factors. In the UK, it is one of the most common health challenges, affecting people of all ages. Gaining a foundational understanding of hearing loss is crucial before embarking on the journey towards using hearing aids.

Different types of hearing loss

There are three main types of hearing loss:

1. Conductive hearing loss
   This occurs when sounds cannot pass efficiently through the outer and middle ear. Common causes include earwax build-up, infections, or abnormalities in the ear canal or middle ear bones. Treatment may involve earwax removal, surgery, or the use of hearing aids.

2. Sensorineural hearing loss
   This results from damage to the tiny hair cells within the inner ear or the nerve pathways leading to the brain. Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) and prolonged exposure to loud noise are frequent culprits. Most cases of sensorineural hearing loss are permanent, and hearing aids are a key management strategy.

3. Mixed hearing loss
   A combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, where both the outer/middle ear and the inner ear are involved. Treatment often requires addressing both the conductive component (e.g., through medication or surgery) and using hearing aids to assist with the sensorineural component.

Recognising the signs of hearing loss

Identifying the presence of hearing loss is the first step. Some people notice hearing difficulties immediately, while others gradually adapt to lower hearing levels. Common signs include:

• Frequently asking people to repeat themselves

• Turning up the volume on the TV or radio louder than usual

• Difficulty following conversations in noisy environments

• Ringing or buzzing sensations in the ears (tinnitus)

• Feeling exhausted after social gatherings because of the effort required to hear

If these symptoms sound familiar, consulting a qualified hearing care professional is a beneficial step towards regaining clarity and confidence.

Impact on daily life

Hearing loss can impact emotional well-being, relationships, and safety. Missing out on conversation details can lead to misunderstandings and feelings of isolation. In professional settings, untreated hearing loss may result in reduced job performance or reluctance to engage in group discussions. However, with a proper diagnosis and the correct intervention, many of these difficulties can be addressed.

Understanding these statistics highlights the importance of early intervention and ongoing support. Fortunately, a wide range of resources—from NHS services to national charities—exists to help individuals recognise and manage their hearing difficulties.

Myths about hearing loss

Misconceptions often prevent people from seeking help. Some of the most common myths include:

• “Only older people experience hearing loss.”
  Hearing difficulties can happen at any age due to infections, injuries, or genetic factors.

• “Hearing aids completely cure hearing loss.”
  Hearing aids improve audibility but do not restore natural hearing entirely.

• “Living with hearing loss is not a big deal.”
  Untreated hearing loss can have far-reaching effects on mental health, relationships, and overall quality of life.

By dispelling these myths and understanding the realities of hearing loss, individuals feel more empowered to seek timely help and explore effective treatment options, including hearing aids.

How hearing aids work

Hearing aids are sophisticated electronic devices that capture sound, process it, and then amplify it to the user’s ear. They are designed to compensate for parts of the ear that no longer function optimally. While the specific technology inside hearing aids varies by model and manufacturer, their core purpose remains the same: to help users engage more fully in conversations, enjoy entertainment, and participate confidently in daily life.

Core components

Hearing aids generally consist of the following main components:

1 Microphone

Captures incoming sounds from the environment.

2 Amplifier

Processes and boosts the microphone’s signals.

3 Receiver (speaker)

Converts the processed signals back into sound and directs them into the ear.

4 Battery or power source

Powers all electronic components. Options include disposable or rechargeable batteries.

Many modern hearing aids also incorporate digital signal processors (DSPs) that analyse the sounds captured by the microphone, distinguishing between speech and background noise. This processing capability can vastly improve the clarity and comfort of what the user hears.

Different sound processing strategies

Over the years, sound processing in hearing aids has evolved:

• Analogue hearing aids
  These older models amplified all sounds equally with minimal customisation.

• Digital hearing aids
  These process sounds electronically, allowing for fine adjustments and automatic changes in different listening environments.

Digital hearing aids often include feedback cancellation, noise reduction, and directional microphones, making them more adaptable to a variety of situations, from quiet conversations at home to noisy social gatherings.

Features that enhance usability

Modern hearing aids come with features designed to simplify daily life:

• Directional microphones: Focus on the sounds in front of you while reducing background noise from other directions.

• Feedback suppression: Reduces whistling sounds that can occur when sound is re-amplified or trapped in the ear canal.

• Wireless connectivity: Allows for streaming phone calls, music, and TV audio directly into the hearing aids.

• Rechargeable batteries: Removes the need for frequently replacing disposable batteries.

• Multiple listening modes: Automatically or manually adjust to different environments such as a busy street or quiet room.

Considerations for real-world use

While technological advancements have made modern hearing aids highly capable devices, users should recognise they still require adjustment and regular maintenance:

• Initial ‘breaking in’ period: It takes time to get used to the sensation of amplified sounds and wearing devices in or behind the ear.

• Ongoing fine-tuning: Audiologists often make several adjustments to ensure optimal performance based on the user’s unique hearing profile.

• Battery and cleaning routines: Consistent care helps maintain sound quality and prolong the lifespan of the device.

Understanding how hearing aids function not only demystifies the technology but also fosters realistic expectations about what they can achieve. Being aware of the features and maintenance requirements will help you identify the type of hearing aid that aligns best with your lifestyle and needs.

Types of hearing aids

Hearing aids come in a variety of styles and designs, each created to suit different degrees of hearing loss, ear shapes, aesthetic preferences, and lifestyle demands. Knowing the types available can help in making an informed decision during discussions with an audiologist or hearing healthcare professional.

Main categories

1. Behind-the-ear (BTE)
   These sit behind the ear with a tube or wire connected to an earmould or dome in the ear canal. They are often recommended for a wide range of hearing losses, from mild to profound. The size of BTEs makes them easier to handle, particularly for those with dexterity issues.

2. Receiver-in-canal (RIC)
   Similar to BTEs but generally smaller. The receiver (speaker) is placed in the ear canal rather than the main body behind the ear. RICs often provide a more natural sound quality and are suitable for mild to severe hearing losses.

3. In-the-ear (ITE)
   Custom-moulded to fit the outer portion of the ear. All components are contained within a single shell. They can handle a range of hearing losses but might be more visible than some other in-ear options.

4. In-the-canal (ITC)
   These hearing aids fit partly into the ear canal, making them less noticeable than ITE models. Suitable for mild to moderate hearing loss, they typically have smaller battery and shorter battery life.

5. Completely-in-canal (CIC)
   The smallest custom style, fitting almost entirely in the ear canal, making them nearly invisible. Though discrete, their small size can make controls and battery changes more challenging.

6. Invisible-in-canal (IIC)
   A deep-fit option that sits even further into the ear canal. While highly discreet, IIC devices may not suit severe hearing loss and often require more frequent maintenance due to their location in the ear canal.

Pros and cons overview

Selecting which type is best depends on lifestyle, aesthetic preference, degree of hearing loss, and manual dexterity. An audiologist typically provides professional guidance on which style would deliver optimal benefits.

Specialised designs

For those with specific hearing needs or ear conditions, specialised hearing aids are also available:

• Bone conduction hearing aids: Designed for individuals with conductive hearing loss or single-sided deafness. These devices send sound vibrations directly through the skull to the inner ear.

• CROS/BiCROS systems: For users with hearing loss in one ear, these systems pick up sound from the poorer ear and transfer it to the better ear.

Making a choice

Ultimately, the decision on which hearing aid style to choose involves balancing practicality with cosmetic concerns. Factors such as manual dexterity, severity of hearing loss, and budget also play a significant role. Having an open dialogue with a registered audiologist ensures that individual needs and preferences are appropriately addressed.

Getting a hearing test

Once you suspect you might have hearing loss or have noticed changes in your hearing, the next logical step is to undergo a hearing test. In the UK, hearing tests can be accessed through the NHS or private providers, and they form the foundation of any subsequent decision about hearing aids.

Where to start

• GP visit: In many cases, your general practitioner (GP) is the first port of call. They can rule out any medical cause of hearing issues, such as earwax build-up or infection, and refer you to an audiologist if needed.

• Direct audiologist appointment: Some clinics and private providers allow you to book directly without a GP referral.

Before the hearing test, the professional might ask about your medical history, any recent changes in your hearing, and any symptoms like tinnitus or dizziness. This helps determine the most appropriate tests to perform.

Types of hearing assessments

1. Pure tone audiometry (PTA)
   This is the most common test. You’ll listen to sounds of different frequencies and volumes through headphones and indicate when you hear them. The results are plotted on an audiogram.

2. Speech audiometry
   Assesses how well you can hear and repeat back specific words or phrases against varying background noise levels.

3. Tympanometry
   Measures how the eardrum reacts to changes in air pressure, identifying issues in the middle ear, such as fluid or infection.

4. Otoacoustic emissions (OAE)
   Typically used with newborns or very young children, this test checks the function of the inner ear hair cells by measuring sound waves produced in response to stimuli.

What to expect during the test

• Preparation: The audiologist may look into your ears to check for any blockages or infections.

• Quiet environment: Hearing tests usually take place in a soundproof booth or a very quiet room.

• Comfort: Most hearing tests are non-invasive and painless, involving headphones or small earphones.

The audiologist will interpret the results and discuss their significance with you. If a hearing loss is detected, they may recommend hearing aids or further medical investigations, depending on the type and degree of hearing loss.

Understanding your audiogram

The audiogram is a visual representation of your hearing levels, measured in decibels (dB) across various frequencies (Hertz, Hz). It indicates the softest sounds you can detect. Key points include:

• Frequency range: Low tones (bass sounds) to high tones (treble sounds).

• Volume: The decibel scale shows how loud sounds need to be for you to hear them.

• Hearing threshold: Anything above 20 dBHL is usually considered outside the normal range.

Next steps

Once you have your hearing test results:

• Consult your audiologist: They will advise whether you could benefit from hearing aids.

• Consider a second opinion: If you’re uncertain about any part of your diagnosis, seeking another professional view is entirely acceptable.

• Explore your options: Depending on your results, you may be referred to the NHS, private specialists, or specific hearing loss support services.

Timely testing and early intervention are crucial. Addressing hearing concerns promptly can prevent further complications, such as difficulties in social settings or feelings of isolation. Armed with accurate test results, you can then make an informed decision about hearing aids and other forms of support.

NHS hearing aid services

In the UK, the National Health Service (NHS) offers accessible routes to obtaining hearing aids for individuals with hearing loss. While eligibility criteria and waiting times can vary across NHS trusts, many people appreciate the cost savings and ongoing support offered by NHS audiology departments.

How to access NHS hearing aids

1. Referral
   The typical pathway begins with a visit to your GP. If your GP suspects hearing loss, they’ll refer you to an NHS audiology service.

2. Assessment
   After your referral, you’ll undergo a comprehensive hearing test to confirm your level of hearing loss and determine whether hearing aids are appropriate.

3. Fitting and follow-up
   If hearing aids are recommended, they will be fitted. You’ll also receive instruction on how to use and maintain them. Follow-up appointments ensure they are working effectively.

Advantages of NHS hearing aids

• No upfront cost: Generally, NHS hearing aids are free of charge on a loan basis. There may be costs for lost or damaged aids outside normal wear and tear.

• Includes basic features: NHS digital hearing aids often come with essential features like feedback cancellation and noise reduction.

• Maintenance and batteries: Most services provide ongoing maintenance and batteries for free or at a minimal cost.

• Qualified professionals: NHS audiologists adhere to strict national standards, offering reliable assessments and guidance.

Potential limitations

• Style options: NHS hearing aids typically focus on behind-the-ear (BTE) or receiver-in-canal (RIC) models, limiting the availability of more discreet in-ear devices.

• Waiting times: Depending on your local trust and demand, waiting periods for appointments and fittings can vary.

• Feature set: While reliable, NHS aids might not have certain advanced features like direct Bluetooth streaming or rechargeable batteries.

Maintenance and follow-up care

Once you receive NHS hearing aids, you’re typically advised to attend periodic check-ups or contact your local audiology department if issues arise. You may need to call for appointments to:

• Adjust settings
  If your hearing changes or you struggle in specific listening environments.

• Clean or replace tubing
  Keeping the tubing and earmould clean ensures clear sound transmission.

• Repair faults
  Whether it’s a broken component or malfunctioning part, NHS services can repair or replace hearing aids under their care protocols.

Additional support

Some NHS trusts also partner with local charities, community outreach programmes, or home visit services to assist individuals who find it difficult to attend hospital or clinic appointments. These partnerships might include assistance with hearing aid maintenance, signposting to lip-reading classes, or emotional support networks.

Choosing NHS hearing aid services is a pragmatic option for many, offering quality devices and professional support at little or no cost. It’s essential, however, to be aware of potential waiting times and the range of devices available. For those seeking more immediate or feature-rich solutions, private routes are an alternative, detailed in the next section.

Private hearing aid options

Private hearing aid services in the UK often provide quicker access to appointments, a wider choice of hearing aid models, and advanced features not always available through the NHS. While this route can involve a higher financial outlay, many individuals appreciate the convenience and customisation it can offer.

Pathways to private care

• Direct appointment: Many private hearing clinics allow individuals to book online or by phone without a referral.

• Through insurance: Some health insurance policies may contribute towards the cost of hearing tests or hearing aids. Check with your provider for details.

• Specialist retailers: High-street chains dedicated to hearing care also offer private services and a range of devices.

Benefits of going private

1. Faster appointments and fittings
   You may be seen sooner, and adjustments or follow-up appointments can often be arranged quickly.

2. Broader product range
   Private suppliers may stock premium hearing aids with advanced technology such as Bluetooth streaming, rechargeable batteries, and AI-driven sound processing.

3. Personalised care
   You can often benefit from more flexible consultation times and extended support programmes, including phone or online check-ins.

Cost considerations

Private hearing aids can range from a few hundred pounds to several thousand pounds per device, depending on factors like brand, technology level, and service package. Some clinics offer payment plans to spread the cost. When researching options:

• Ask about what’s included: Ensure you understand whether the cost covers ongoing adjustments, follow-up appointments, repairs, and batteries.

• Check warranty terms: Know how long the warranty lasts and what it covers.

• Trial periods: Many reputable providers offer a money-back guarantee if you’re not satisfied after a set trial period, typically ranging from 30 to 60 days.

Additional services

Private care might also include:

• Comprehensive hearing assessments: More detailed or specialised tests that provide in-depth insights into your hearing profile.

• Custom earmoulds: Tailor-made for maximum comfort and improved sound quality.

• Teleaudiology: Remote support for hearing aid adjustments, saving travel time and offering greater convenience.

Private vs. NHS: making the choice

Deciding between private and NHS services often comes down to weighing up cost, waiting times, and the specific features or styles you prefer. Both routes provide safe, professional care, but private services allow for a more personalised and rapid experience.

Many people opt for private hearing aids if they want advanced functionality or certain cosmetic styles. Others may combine the two routes: using NHS devices while exploring private upgrades for particular settings or additional features. Ultimately, the best option is the one that fits your hearing needs, lifestyle, and budgetary considerations.

Choosing the right hearing aid

Selecting a hearing aid is a highly individualised process. Factors such as lifestyle, level of hearing loss, aesthetic preferences, budget, and any pre-existing health conditions all play a role in determining the most suitable device. Working closely with an audiologist ensures the recommended hearing aid meets your unique requirements.

Lifestyle and usage considerations

• Social settings: Are you frequently in loud or crowded environments, such as busy offices or social events? Certain hearing aids offer advanced noise reduction and directional microphones tailored to these scenarios.

• Outdoor activities: If you enjoy sports or outdoor activities, you may need a robust, water-resistant device.

• Technology preferences: Some individuals value Bluetooth streaming for phone calls and music, while others appreciate simpler controls.

Aesthetic preferences

Hearing aids come in a range of styles from discreet, in-the-canal models to slightly more visible behind-the-ear types. While more compact devices might appeal visually, they can sometimes be trickier to handle or maintain, particularly for those with dexterity challenges.

Budget and financial support

Prices for private hearing aids vary significantly. Before making a decision:

• Check if you qualify for an NHS device: This can be a good starting point, especially if you meet the eligibility criteria and prefer to minimise costs.

• Explore financial assistance: Some charities, local councils, or community organisations offer grants or support for hearing aids. Employer support may be available if hearing loss affects your work.

• Ask about payment plans: Many private clinics offer instalment options.

The role of the audiologist

An audiologist is your guide in selecting a hearing aid. They:

• Interpret your hearing test results.

• Suggest suitable styles and feature sets based on your daily environments.

• Provide demonstrations or trials, allowing you to experience different devices before committing.

Trial periods and return policies

Many reputable hearing aid providers, both NHS and private, offer a trial or adaptation period. This is a critical time to assess how well the device suits your lifestyle. If you experience persistent discomfort or performance issues, adjustments can be made.

Key factors in choosing a hearing aid

Making an informed decision

Taking the time to evaluate your priorities and consult with professionals sets you up for success. Read user reviews, seek advice from others who wear hearing aids, and don’t hesitate to ask detailed questions during your appointment. The right hearing aid should complement your lifestyle, improve your hearing experience, and fit comfortably into your daily routine.

Fitting and adjusting your device

Getting fitted with hearing aids marks an important step in regaining auditory clarity and confidence. A proper fitting ensures that your devices offer optimal sound quality and comfort. As everyone’s hearing profile and ear anatomy are unique, audiologists customise each device to suit individual needs.

The fitting process

1. Initial fitting
   Once you’ve selected a hearing aid, your audiologist will programme it according to your audiogram. They typically use computer software to set frequency responses, volume limits, and other parameters.

2. Physical fit
   If you have custom-moulded devices, they will be checked to ensure a snug but comfortable seal. BTE or RIC styles may need adjustments to the tubing or dome size.

3. Real-ear measurements
   Often performed to verify that the hearing aid provides the correct amplification in your ear canal. A tiny probe microphone is placed in your ear to measure sound levels as you listen to test signals.

Getting used to your new hearing aid

Adapting to hearing aids can take days or even weeks. Initially, everyday sounds may seem unusually loud or sharp. It’s normal to feel overwhelmed by the sudden clarity or volume of noises you haven’t heard in a while. Gradual wear time—starting with a few hours a day and increasing it as you get more comfortable—can help.

Follow-up appointments

Most hearing aid fittings involve a series of follow-ups:

• Initial follow-up (1-2 weeks after fitting)
  You’ll discuss any immediate issues, such as discomfort or problems hearing certain sounds.

• Secondary adjustments (around 1-3 months)
  Further fine-tuning may be required once you’ve had real-world listening experiences.

• Ongoing check-ups (every 6-12 months)
  Ensures the hearing aid settings continue to match your hearing profile, especially if your hearing changes over time.

Tips for a smoother adaptation

• Start in quiet environments: Gradually introduce your hearing aids to noisier settings.

• Practice active listening: Focus on conversations, identify new sounds, and note which environments are most challenging.

• Keep a journal: Document any difficulties or changes in hearing. This helps your audiologist make targeted adjustments.

• Be patient: It takes time for the brain to re-learn how to process amplified sounds.

Common initial fitting issues and possible solutions

If you remain persistent and open to adjustments, the fitting and adaptation process becomes more manageable. Armed with the right expectations and consistent support from your audiologist, you’ll gradually discover how significantly hearing aids can enhance your daily interactions.

Maintenance and care

Looking after your hearing aids is essential to ensure they perform well and last as long as possible. Since these devices contain delicate electronic components, establishing a consistent cleaning and maintenance routine can help you avoid interruptions to your daily life.

Daily cleaning

Keeping your hearing aids free of earwax, debris, and moisture is vital:

• Wipe with a soft, dry cloth: After each use, gently clean the surface and earpiece to remove any build-up.

• Brush openings: Use a small soft-bristle brush to remove wax near the microphone or receiver port.

• Avoid water or cleaning fluids: Most hearing aids are not waterproof, and moisture can damage internal components.

Weekly maintenance

In addition to daily tasks, set aside time each week to:

• Inspect tubing and domes: Look for cracks, blockages, or signs of wear. Replace if necessary.

• Remove earwax build-up: Soften and remove any wax obstructing the sound ports with specialised wax loops or picks (following your audiologist’s guidance).

• Air out the device: Open the battery compartment at night, or place the device in a hearing aid dehumidifier if recommended.

Battery care and replacement

If your hearing aids use disposable batteries:

• Check batteries regularly: A weak battery can result in reduced performance or intermittent sound.

• Keep spares: Always have extra batteries on hand, particularly if you travel often.

• Store properly: Batteries should be kept in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight or extreme temperatures.

If you have rechargeable hearing aids:

• Daily charging: Place them in their charging station overnight.

• Check battery health: Rechargeable batteries may degrade over time and require replacement after a few years.

Troubleshooting tips

If your hearing aids stop working:

• Check for wax: Inspect the earpiece and microphone ports for blockages.

• Replace or recharge battery: A depleted battery is a common cause of failure.

• Inspect for damage: Look for cracks or signs of wear that might indicate the need for professional repair.

• Reset settings: Consult your user manual for instructions on how to reboot or reset.

Professional servicing

Even with diligent at-home care, professional servicing by an audiologist or hearing aid technician is recommended at least once a year. This may include:

• Deep cleaning: Using specialised tools and equipment.

• Software updates: If your hearing aid supports firmware or feature upgrades.

• Performance checks: Ensuring the device is calibrated correctly and meets your latest hearing thresholds.

Protecting your investment in hearing aids involves consistent care and timely interventions. By maintaining good hygiene, handling your devices gently, and seeking professional advice as needed, you’ll enjoy clearer hearing for years to come.

Troubleshooting common issues

Despite advancements in hearing aid technology, users may occasionally encounter challenges such as feedback, battery problems, or sound distortion. Learning to troubleshoot these common issues can save time, reduce frustration, and ensure your devices continue to serve you well.

Feedback (whistling or squealing)

• Possible causes:

  • Poor fit of the earmould or dome

  • Earwax build-up causing sound reflections

  • Improper insertion of the device

• Quick fixes:

  • Reinsert your hearing aid carefully

  • Clean the earmould or replace wax filters

  • Consult your audiologist if the issue persists

Distorted or muffled sounds

• Possible causes:

  • Weak battery or low charge

  • Wax or debris blocking the microphone or receiver

  • Moisture inside the device

• Quick fixes:

  • Replace or recharge the battery

  • Use a soft cloth or brush to clean the sound ports

  • Place the hearing aid in a dehumidifier overnight

Intermittent or no sound

• Possible causes:

  • Battery contact is corroded or dirty

  • Device is switched off or in the wrong programme setting

  • Internal component failure

• Quick fixes:

  • Check the battery compartment and gently remove any corrosion

  • Ensure the device is powered on and the volume is not muted

  • Consult a professional if you suspect a deeper fault

Discomfort or irritation

• Possible causes:

  • Poorly fitting mould or dome size

  • Allergic reaction to earmould materials

  • Ear infection or inflammation

• Quick fixes:

  • Have your earmould refitted or replaced by an audiologist

  • Seek medical advice if you suspect an ear infection

  • Ask about hypoallergenic materials if allergies are a concern

Connectivity and pairing issues

Modern hearing aids often use Bluetooth or wireless technology to stream audio from phones, televisions, and other devices. If you’re encountering pairing problems:

• Restart your devices: Turn your hearing aids, phone, or streaming device off and on.

• Check compatibility: Ensure your hearing aids are compatible with your phone’s operating system or streaming accessories.

• Reset connections: Remove the hearing aid from your device’s Bluetooth list and pair again.

When to seek professional help

Some issues can’t be resolved through basic troubleshooting. In these cases, schedule an appointment with your audiologist or hearing aid provider. Persistent problems, sudden changes in sound quality, or physical damage to the hearing aid are reasons to consult a professional.

Learning to address minor complications keeps your hearing aids functioning optimally. By identifying the root causes of common issues and applying simple fixes, you can minimise downtime and continue to enjoy clear, confident hearing.

Living with hearing aids

Adapting to life with hearing aids is a journey that extends well beyond the fitting stage. As you integrate them into your daily routines, you may discover new strategies for staying connected, preserving your emotional well-being, and making the most of every listening opportunity.

Building confidence

Wearing hearing aids for the first time can be both exciting and overwhelming. By gradually increasing wear-time and practising active listening in different settings, you’ll develop greater assurance in social and professional situations.

• Social engagement: Don’t shy away from gatherings or public events. Hearing aids can help you stay involved and reduce feelings of isolation.

• Workplace adjustments: If you’re employed, consider discussing potential adaptations with your supervisor, such as quieter meeting rooms or hearing aid-compatible phones.

Emotional well-being

Some individuals experience self-consciousness or frustration during the adaptation period. Seek advice and support if these feelings intensify:

• Talk to loved ones: Share your concerns with friends and family to build understanding.

• Professional counselling: Audiologists or counsellors specialising in hearing health can offer coping strategies and reassurance.

• Support groups: Organisations such as RNID host events and forums where hearing aid users share experiences and advice.

Communication strategies

Even with hearing aids, some environments remain challenging. Consider implementing these strategies:

• Positioning: Face the person speaking so you can see their facial expressions and lip movements.

• Lighting: Well-lit settings improve visual cues.

• Rephrase, don’t just repeat: If you miss something, ask the speaker to phrase it differently rather than just repeating it.

Staying active and safe

Maintaining an active lifestyle with hearing aids is entirely possible. However, a few adjustments can enhance comfort and safety:

• Ear protection: If you’re around very loud noises, consider wearing ear defenders or custom earplugs over or in place of your hearing aids.

• Moisture control: During exercise or outdoor activities, sweat can accumulate. Use hearing aid sweatbands or store your devices safely if conditions are too wet.

• Driving: Hearing aids can help you detect important sounds on the road, such as sirens or horns. If background noise is distracting, speak with your audiologist about specialised programmes.

Family and friends

Your close network plays a vital role in helping you adjust:

• Educate them: Inform family members about your hearing needs. Encourage them to speak clearly and maintain eye contact.

• Set conversation norms: Politely remind others not to shout or over-enunciate, as it can distort speech sounds.

• Celebrate progress: Recognise improvements, such as enjoying a dinner conversation without strain.

Living with hearing aids becomes simpler over time as you learn tips and tricks to optimise your listening experience. Staying positive, communicating openly about your needs, and connecting with support networks all contribute to a more fulfilling and confident life.

Costs and financial assistance

Hearing aids can represent a significant investment, particularly if you choose private services or advanced technology. Understanding the potential costs and exploring available financial assistance options can help you balance affordability and practicality.

Breakdown of costs

• Initial consultation or hearing test: May be free through the NHS or included in private packages.

• Device cost: Ranges widely, from a few hundred pounds for basic models to several thousand for top-tier, feature-rich devices.

• Fitting and follow-up: Often included in private packages, but check whether these are part of the quoted cost or require an extra fee.

• Maintenance and accessories: Batteries, replacement domes, cleaning kits, and repairs can add up over time.

Financial support options

1. NHS hearing aids
   If eligible, hearing aids from the NHS are on loan at no charge. Users generally only pay for lost devices or repairs beyond normal wear and tear.

2. Insurance schemes
   Some private health insurance policies partially cover hearing aid costs. Check your policy details or consult with your insurer.

3. Access to Work
   If hearing loss affects your employment, the government’s Access to Work scheme might fund specialised equipment, including hearing aids or assistive devices (Gov.uk, 2021).

4. Charitable grants
   Charities like RNID, local Lions Clubs, or other community organisations occasionally offer grants or discounted services.

5. Zero-interest loans
   Some hearing aid providers offer payment plans at 0% interest, allowing you to spread costs over several months.

Typical cost ranges for private hearing aids

Long-term value

While the initial cost of private hearing aids can seem high, consider the long-term benefits:

• Improved quality of life: Clearer conversations and more inclusive social experiences.

• Potential work-related advantages: Enhanced productivity and reduced misunderstandings.

• Health considerations: Early hearing intervention is linked to better cognitive outcomes and overall mental well-being.

Reducing future expenses

• Maintenance and care: Proper cleaning and safe storage extend the lifespan of hearing aids.

• Annual check-ups: Timely adjustments can prevent more extensive repairs or replacements later.

• Insurance cover: Some providers offer dedicated hearing aid insurance to cover loss or accidental damage.

Balancing hearing aid costs with potential financial assistance is vital for making an informed choice. Whether you opt for NHS or private devices, exploring all funding avenues helps ensure you find a solution that meets both your hearing needs and budget.

Rights and regulations in the UK

Hearing aid users in the UK benefit from a well-established regulatory framework designed to protect consumer rights and ensure high-quality care. Understanding your entitlements and responsibilities can help you navigate the healthcare system and any workplace adjustments with confidence.

Regulatory bodies

• Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC): Audiologists must be registered with the HCPC to practise in the UK. This assures a standard level of competence and ethical conduct.

• British Society of Hearing Aid Audiologists (BSHAA): Provides professional support, training, and standards for audiologists in private practice.

• Care Quality Commission (CQC): Inspects and regulates health and social care services, including audiology clinics, to ensure safety and quality.

Consumer rights

When purchasing hearing aids privately, you have certain consumer protections:

• Refund or exchange policies: Many private providers offer a trial period. If unsatisfied, you can return the devices under specified terms.

• Transparent pricing: Clinics are obliged to inform you of the full cost of hearing aids, including follow-up appointments and any extras.

• Warranty coverage: Reputable providers offer warranties that cover repairs or replacements for a set duration.

Workplace and public spaces

Under the Equality Act (2010), employers and service providers must make reasonable adjustments for people with disabilities, including hearing loss. This can include:

• Installing hearing loops: In theatres, meeting rooms, or places of worship.

• Providing suitable equipment: Such as amplified telephones or text-based communication tools.

• Adjusting the work environment: Offering quieter meeting spaces or flexible communication methods.

Data protection and confidentiality

Audiologists and hearing aid providers must comply with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). This means:

• Secure storage: Your audiological records, hearing test results, and personal details are kept confidential.

• Consent for sharing: Your information cannot be shared with third parties without your explicit permission.

Travelling with hearing aids

When travelling abroad:

• Security checks: Usually, hearing aids can be worn through airport security. Inform officials if asked to remove them.

• Voltage differences: If using rechargeable models, check compatibility with foreign power outlets or bring an adapter.

• Insurance: Ensure your travel insurance covers hearing aids in case of loss or damage.

Being aware of your rights and the regulations that govern hearing aid provision in the UK helps you make confident, informed decisions. Whether you are seeking NHS support or private care, these frameworks exist to safeguard consumer interests, promote equality, and uphold professional standards in hearing healthcare.

Technology and innovation

Hearing aid technology has evolved rapidly in recent years, providing users with more refined sound quality, better noise management, and advanced connectivity features. Understanding these emerging trends can help you select devices that match both current needs and future lifestyle changes.

Digital signal processing and AI

Modern digital hearing aids analyse sound in real time, filtering unwanted noise while enhancing speech. Some newer models incorporate artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms that:

• Learn user preferences: Adapt automatically to frequently visited environments.

• Utilise machine learning: Continuously optimise settings for more natural sound experiences.

• Offer personalisation: Some hearing aids sync with smartphone apps, allowing users to adjust volume, switch programmes, and receive battery notifications.

Connectivity features

Wireless technologies, such as Bluetooth, have transformed how hearing aids integrate into modern life:

• Direct streaming: Take phone calls or listen to music directly through your hearing aids.

• Companion apps: Adjust settings, locate lost hearing aids, or even track usage patterns on your smartphone.

• Accessory compatibility: Connect to accessories like TV streamers or remote microphones, offering clearer audio in group environments.

Rechargeable solutions

Gone are the days when changing small hearing aid batteries was the only option. Many newer models come with rechargeable lithium-ion batteries:

• Convenience: Simply place hearing aids in a charging dock overnight.

• Eco-friendly: Fewer disposable batteries end up in landfill.

• Cost-effective: Over time, you save on purchasing replacements.

In-ear sensors and biometrics

Some cutting-edge hearing aids include additional sensors to track heart rate and activity levels, turning the device into a multi-purpose wearable. While still relatively niche, this technology shows promise in integrating hearing aids into broader health monitoring platforms.

Remote adjustments and teleaudiology

Teleaudiology services allow audiologists to connect with patients remotely:

• Real-time adjustments: Fine-tune your hearing aid settings at home via an internet connection.

• Convenient consultations: Save time and travel by scheduling virtual appointments.

• Accessibility: Particularly helpful for individuals in remote or rural areas with limited access to hearing care facilities.

Future outlook

Research and development efforts continually push the boundaries of hearing aid capabilities. Future iterations may offer:

• Better sound localisation: Helping you distinguish where specific sounds originate.

• Enhanced speech recognition: Even in extremely noisy settings or multiple speaker scenarios.

• Cloud-based data analytics: Aggregating usage data to refine individual user experience further.

Staying informed about technological advances equips you to make forward-thinking decisions, ensuring your hearing aids remain adaptable and relevant in the years to come. Whether you opt for basic functionality or cutting-edge features, the overarching goal is to enhance your hearing in ways that align seamlessly with daily life.

Conclusion

Hearing aids stand at the forefront of solutions for individuals seeking to improve their hearing and regain a sense of clarity in daily interactions. They are more than just devices; they provide a pathway back to active engagement in social, professional, and family settings. By exploring the different aspects of hearing aids—how they work, the types available, the cost factors, and the support systems—you can make an informed choice that best aligns with your needs.

Embracing hearing aids early can transform the way you experience life’s most cherished sounds. With the NHS, private care options, and a variety of support networks available throughout the UK, it has never been easier to access the guidance and resources necessary for a successful hearing journey. Regular maintenance, follow-up appointments, and staying abreast of technological innovations will help ensure that your hearing aids continue to deliver optimal performance.

By understanding your rights, remaining proactive about adjustments, and drawing on the expertise of audiologists and other healthcare professionals, the road to improved hearing can be both reassuring and empowering. Ultimately, your dedication to addressing hearing loss, combined with the right information and resources, forms the foundation of a life enriched by clear, confident sound.

Frequently Asked Questions

Frequently asked questions

Getting started

How do I know if I need a hearing aid?

If you often struggle to follow conversations, particularly in noisy places, or you find yourself turning the TV volume up more than those around you, it may be time to consider a hearing test. An audiologist can confirm whether a hearing aid is appropriate for your level of hearing loss by performing a range of assessments. Early testing is recommended as it helps you address any issues before they impact your daily life and relationships.

Can I get a hearing test on the NHS?

Yes. In most cases, you can begin by visiting your GP, who will assess your symptoms and potentially refer you to an NHS audiology service if needed. Tests carried out through the NHS are typically free of charge, but waiting times can vary depending on your local NHS trust.

Is it possible that my hearing will improve on its own?

Some conditions, such as ear infections or earwax buildup, can cause temporary hearing issues that improve once treated. However, if your hearing loss is due to age-related or noise-induced damage, it’s unlikely to improve without intervention. In those cases, hearing aids provide the best solution for amplifying sounds and improving speech clarity.

How soon should I seek help once I notice hearing problems?

The sooner, the better. Untreated hearing loss can lead to social withdrawal, communication difficulties, and, in some cases, further issues like tinnitus or balance problems. Early intervention often results in a smoother adjustment to hearing aids and better long-term outcomes.

Choosing the right device

What types of hearing aids are available?

There are several main styles, including behind-the-ear (BTE), receiver-in-canal (RIC), in-the-ear (ITE), in-the-canal (ITC), and completely-in-canal (CIC) devices. Each design offers different benefits in terms of size, visibility, and amplification range, so it’s wise to discuss these options with your audiologist to find the best match for your lifestyle and level of hearing loss.

Are smaller hearing aids just as effective as larger models?

Modern technology allows many compact devices to be just as effective as their larger counterparts. However, very small models might have fewer features, shorter battery life, or be more challenging to handle. Ultimately, effectiveness depends on how well the device is programmed for your hearing needs and how comfortable you are with day-to-day maintenance.

How do I decide between NHS and private hearing aids?

Both routes have advantages. NHS hearing aids are provided on a loan basis at little or no cost, but the range of styles may be more limited, and there can be longer waiting times. Private hearing aids often come with advanced features and a broader selection of models, but you’ll need to pay for these services. The choice often depends on your budget, specific features you’d like, and how quickly you wish to be fitted.

Can I try different hearing aid models before committing?

Many private providers offer trial periods or demonstration devices to help you get a feel for how each style performs in real-life situations. NHS providers may not offer the same breadth of trials, but you can always discuss your preferences and potential alternatives with your audiologist. Trying devices beforehand can be particularly useful in identifying comfort levels and sound quality.

Fitting and care

What happens during a hearing aid fitting?

Your audiologist will programme the hearing aid according to your hearing test results, then ensure it fits comfortably in or behind your ear. They may perform real-ear measurements—using a small microphone in your ear—to confirm that the amplification matches your prescription. You’ll also receive guidance on inserting, removing, and cleaning the device.

How long does it take to adjust to a new hearing aid?

Adjustment times vary. Some people adapt quickly, while others need a few weeks or more to become comfortable with amplified sounds. Wearing your hearing aids gradually—starting with a few hours a day and building up—helps your brain adapt to the new auditory signals.

How should I clean and maintain my hearing aids?

Gently wipe the device each day with a soft, dry cloth to remove any debris or earwax. Use a specialised brush or wax loop to clear blockages from the microphone and receiver openings. Avoid using water or harsh cleaning chemicals, as moisture can damage internal components. You may also benefit from a small dehumidifier if you live in a humid environment or sweat heavily.

What if my hearing aid feels uncomfortable or painful?

Mild discomfort can happen when you’re new to wearing hearing aids, but persistent pain isn’t normal. If you experience ongoing soreness or irritation, consult your audiologist. They can check whether the earmould or dome is the correct size and make any necessary adjustments so you can wear your device comfortably.

Costs and funding

Are hearing aids expensive?

Hearing aid prices vary widely based on technology and features. Basic private models can cost a few hundred pounds, while premium devices with advanced capabilities may cost several thousand. NHS hearing aids are typically available on a loan basis, so you don’t pay for the device, although certain replacement or damage fees could apply.

Can I get financial assistance for hearing aids?

Yes. In addition to free NHS provision for those eligible, some charities and community organisations offer grants or low-cost options for those in financial difficulty. If you’re employed, you may also qualify for Access to Work support, which can help cover the cost of hearing aids or additional equipment required in your job role.

Do private insurers cover hearing aids?

Policies differ. Some private medical insurers include hearing aids or at least partial coverage for testing and fitting, but many do not. If you have private health insurance, review your policy documents or contact your insurer for clarification. You may also want to consider dedicated hearing aid insurance for loss or damage cover.

How can I save money on ongoing costs?

Regular maintenance and proper cleaning extend the life of your hearing aids, reducing repair or replacement expenses. If you use disposable batteries, buying in bulk can save money. For rechargeable models, the initial investment is often higher, but you’ll spend less over time compared to purchasing disposable batteries.

Lifestyle and usage

Can I wear my hearing aids all day?

Yes, and many people do. Modern hearing aids are designed to be comfortable for extended wear. However, it can be beneficial to remove them overnight to allow your ears to rest and to charge or clean the devices. Always follow your audiologist’s guidance, especially in the early stages of use.

What if I enjoy swimming or water sports?

Most hearing aids are not fully waterproof. You’ll typically remove them before swimming or showering. Some devices are water-resistant, but prolonged exposure to water can still cause damage. If water sports are an essential part of your lifestyle, discuss protective gear and storage solutions with your audiologist.

Will my hearing aids help in noisy restaurants or social gatherings?

Modern hearing aids include noise-reduction technology and directional microphones, which can improve speech understanding in challenging environments. However, no hearing aid can eliminate background noise entirely. Positioning yourself away from excessive noise sources and using specific hearing aid programmes for noisy settings can further enhance clarity.

Can I use headphones or earphones with hearing aids?

It depends on the style of your hearing aids and the type of headphones. Over-ear headphones can often be worn comfortably over behind-the-ear devices, while in-ear headphones may be incompatible with in-the-canal models. Many modern hearing aids feature Bluetooth connectivity, allowing you to stream audio directly from smartphones, TVs, or computers without separate headphones.

Additional support and advice

Where can I find emotional support when adjusting to hearing aids?

Adjusting to hearing aids can be emotionally challenging. Charities like RNID, Hearing Link, and the British Tinnitus Association offer helplines and peer support groups. Discussing your feelings with friends, family, or a professional counsellor can also help you cope and build confidence during the adaptation process.

Do hearing aids help with tinnitus?

Many do. Some modern devices include tinnitus-masking features that emit subtle sounds or white noise, helping distract you from the ringing or buzzing. If tinnitus is a concern, mention it to your audiologist so they can recommend the most suitable hearing aid and programme settings.

Can hearing aids improve my balance?

While there isn’t a direct guarantee that hearing aids will resolve balance issues, addressing hearing loss can sometimes lessen the perception of dizziness in certain cases. If balance problems persist, a specialist assessment may be recommended to explore other potential causes.

Can my employer support me with hearing aids?

Yes. Under the Equality Act (2010), employers have a duty to make reasonable adjustments for employees with disabilities, including hearing loss. This might involve special equipment, altered workstations, or flexible communication methods. You may also explore the Access to Work scheme, which provides funding for workplace adaptations and equipment.

Should I continue seeing my audiologist after the initial fitting?

Regular follow-up is crucial. Your hearing needs may change over time, and your audiologist can fine-tune your hearing aids accordingly. Ongoing check-ups also help identify any device issues early, ensuring you always have the best possible listening experience.

Still have questions?

If you’ve reached this point in the guide and still feel uncertain, or if your individual circumstances haven’t been addressed here, speaking directly with an expert can be incredibly helpful. A one-to-one consultation allows for personalised advice tailored to your unique hearing profile, lifestyle, and concerns. Whether you’re deciding on a particular hearing aid model, looking for assistance with troubleshooting, or simply seeking reassurance about next steps, an expert can offer clarity and peace of mind.

Glossary

Acclimatisation

This refers to the period during which the brain and auditory system adapt to the new levels of amplified sound provided by hearing aids. Users may initially find sounds unusually loud or jarring, but consistent wear helps them become more comfortable over time.

Acquired hearing loss

Hearing loss that develops after birth, rather than being present from birth. It can result from prolonged noise exposure, infections, certain medications, or simply the ageing process.

Air conduction

The normal route of sound travel through the outer ear, middle ear, and into the inner ear. Air conduction tests help determine how effectively sound travels along this pathway during a hearing assessment.

Amplifier

A core component within the hearing aid that boosts the strength of the incoming audio signal. It works with the microphone and receiver to deliver clearer, more pronounced sounds to the user.

Assistive listening devices (ALDs)

Additional tools designed to improve auditory experiences in specific settings, like theatres or classrooms. Examples include personal amplifiers, TV listening systems, and hearing loops.

Audiogram

A chart that visually represents an individual’s hearing threshold at different sound frequencies and volumes. Audiograms are the main diagnostic tool used to assess the type and degree of hearing loss.

Audiologist

A healthcare professional specialising in diagnosing and managing hearing and balance disorders. Audiologists interpret hearing tests, recommend treatment options, and fit hearing aids when necessary.

Audiology

The clinical field focused on hearing, balance, and related disorders. Audiology encompasses prevention, diagnosis, and intervention strategies such as hearing aids and rehabilitation services.

Auditory nerve

The nerve that carries sound signals from the inner ear to the brain. Damage to this nerve often results in sensorineural hearing loss, which hearing aids can help manage but cannot fully correct.

Behind-the-ear (BTE)

A style of hearing aid worn behind the outer ear, with a thin tube or wire connected to an earmould or dome in the ear canal. BTE devices are suitable for a wide range of hearing loss severities.

Bilateral hearing loss

Hearing loss that occurs in both ears. Treatment might involve bilateral hearing aids, enabling better localisation of sound and improved speech understanding in various listening environments.

Bone conduction

A method of transmitting sound to the inner ear through the skull’s bones. Bone conduction hearing aids are often used when the outer or middle ear cannot effectively conduct sound.

CROS hearing aid

Short for “Contralateral Routing of Signal.” This system is used by individuals with normal or better hearing in one ear and little to no hearing in the other, sending sound from the poorer ear to the better ear.

Custom earmould

A personalised earmould shaped to fit the user’s ear canal and outer ear precisely. It helps with sound delivery, comfort, and often reduces feedback in behind-the-ear style hearing aids.

Decibel (dB)

A unit measuring the loudness or intensity of sound. It indicates how loud a sound must be before an individual can detect it and is central to understanding an audiogram.

Digital signal processing (DSP)

A technology in modern hearing aids that converts incoming sounds into digital signals, allowing for sophisticated noise reduction, feedback cancellation, and other advanced features.

Disposable batteries

Small zinc-air batteries often used in hearing aids. They come in distinct colour-coded sizes and typically last from a few days to two weeks, depending on usage and device type.

Dual microphone

A hearing aid feature where two microphones work together to improve speech clarity and reduce background noise by focusing on sounds coming from specific directions.

Ear canal

A narrow passage leading from the outer ear to the eardrum. Hearing aids that sit within the ear canal (such as ITC or CIC styles) must be carefully sized to avoid discomfort and feedback.

Ear dome

A soft silicone or rubber tip that attaches to the end of a receiver or earmould in certain hearing aids. It helps secure the device in the canal and direct amplified sound into the ear.

Earmould

A custom-fitted piece that connects to a behind-the-ear hearing aid. It forms a seal in the ear canal, helping to direct sound effectively and reduce whistling or feedback.

Earwax (cerumen)

A natural substance produced by glands in the ear canal. While it helps protect the ear, excessive earwax can block hearing aids or interfere with sound transmission if not managed.

Feedback

A high-pitched whistling noise created when amplified sound from the hearing aid is re-introduced to the microphone. Good fit, correct positioning, and modern technology help minimise feedback.

Frequency

A measure of the pitch of a sound, typically expressed in Hertz (Hz). Hearing tests assess an individual’s ability to detect both low-frequency (bass) and high-frequency (treble) sounds.

Gain

The amount of amplification provided by a hearing aid. It indicates how much the incoming sound is boosted to meet a user’s hearing needs, as determined by their audiogram.

Hearing assessment

A comprehensive evaluation of hearing ability that may include pure tone audiometry, speech tests, and additional diagnostics to identify the type and severity of hearing loss.

Hearing loop

Also known as an induction loop. A system that transmits sound signals directly to hearing aids set to the “T” (telecoil) programme, reducing background noise in public venues such as churches or theatres.

Hearing threshold

The softest sound level a person can detect at various frequencies. Thresholds are plotted on an audiogram and used to determine the severity of hearing loss.

In-situ audiometry

A hearing test conducted through the hearing aids themselves, measuring how the device amplifies sounds in the individual’s own ear canal. It helps fine-tune settings more accurately.

In-the-canal (ITC)

A hearing aid style that sits partly in the ear canal, offering a balance between discretion and accessibility. ITC devices usually suit mild to moderate hearing loss.

In-the-ear (ITE)

A device that fits entirely in the outer portion of the ear. Although more visible than canal styles, ITE aids can accommodate a broader range of hearing losses and often include additional features.

Invisible-in-canal (IIC)

A discreet hearing aid that sits deep within the ear canal. IICs are nearly invisible, but their smaller size can limit battery life and features, and they may not be suitable for severe hearing loss.

Lip-reading

A technique involving observation of a speaker’s lip movements, facial expressions, and gestures to supplement auditory information. Lip-reading can be especially useful in challenging listening environments.

Microphone

The component in a hearing aid that detects sound waves and converts them into electrical signals for processing. Modern devices can include multiple microphones to improve directional hearing.

Mixed hearing loss

A combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, where both the outer/middle ear and the inner ear or auditory nerve are affected. Treatment may involve medical intervention plus hearing aids.

Noise-induced hearing loss

A form of sensorineural hearing loss resulting from prolonged exposure to loud sounds, such as industrial noise or loud music. Preventive measures include using ear protection and limiting exposure times.

Occlusion effect

A sensation of the user’s own voice sounding hollow or echo-like when wearing a hearing aid. It occurs when the ear canal is blocked, causing internal sounds (like speech) to resonate differently.

Otoacoustic emissions (OAE)

Sounds produced in the inner ear in response to auditory stimuli, often measured to assess cochlear (inner ear) function. They can aid in diagnosing sensorineural hearing loss.

Otoscope

A handheld device with a light and magnifying lens, used by audiologists and doctors to examine the ear canal and eardrum for signs of wax, infection, or abnormalities.

Presbycusis

Age-related hearing loss that develops gradually over time. It typically affects higher frequencies first, making speech understanding difficult in noisy situations.

Probe microphone measurements

A verification method used during hearing aid fittings. It involves placing a thin tube into the ear canal to measure the volume of sound delivered by the hearing aid in real time.

Pure tone audiometry (PTA)

A common hearing test that measures an individual’s ability to hear specific tones across various frequencies. It’s plotted as an audiogram to diagnose the level and type of hearing loss.

Real-ear measurement (REM)

A precise fitting technique where tiny microphones measure the sound output in the ear canal while the user wears hearing aids. It helps optimise device settings for personal listening needs.

Receiver-in-canal (RIC)

A behind-the-ear style where the receiver (speaker) sits in the ear canal rather than in the main device casing. RICs often provide a more natural sound quality and discreet appearance.

Sensorineural hearing loss

Caused by damage to the inner ear’s sensory cells or the auditory nerve. Although typically permanent, sensorineural hearing loss can often be managed effectively with hearing aids.

Teleaudiology

The provision of hearing care services remotely. It can include virtual consultations, remote hearing aid adjustments, and follow-up appointments conducted online or via phone.

Tinnitus

A perception of noise such as ringing, buzzing, or whooshing in the ears without an external source. Some hearing aids feature masking programmes or sound therapy to help alleviate symptoms.

Tympanometry

A test that evaluates how well the eardrum moves in response to air pressure changes. It’s used to detect middle ear problems like fluid buildup or eardrum perforations.

Volume control

An adjustable feature on a hearing aid that allows the user to change the loudness of amplified sound. Some devices do this automatically, while others include manual volume wheels or buttons.

Wax filter

A small replaceable filter that prevents earwax from entering a hearing aid’s receiver or speaker opening. Changing the filter regularly helps maintain clear sound quality.

Useful Organisations

RNID (Royal National Institute for Deaf People)

RNID is a leading UK charity dedicated to supporting people with hearing loss and tinnitus. They offer practical information, campaigns, and guidance on hearing aid use, aiming to improve everyday life for individuals with hearing impairments.

• Phone: 0808 808 0123

• Website: rnid.org.uk

British Tinnitus Association

The British Tinnitus Association (BTA) focuses on providing clear advice and support to those affected by tinnitus, including how hearing aids can help manage symptoms. They fund research, run awareness campaigns, and offer a helpline staffed by trained advisers.

• Phone: 0800 018 0527

• Website: tinnitus.org.uk

Action on Hearing Loss

Formerly known as RNID, Action on Hearing Loss works to break down the barriers faced by individuals with hearing loss. Their resources include guidance on finding suitable hearing aids, practical tips on daily living, and access to community support networks.

• Phone: 0808 808 0123

• Website: actiononhearingloss.org.uk

British Society of Hearing Aid Audiologists (BSHAA)

BSHAA is a professional body representing hearing aid audiologists in private practice throughout the UK. They set high standards for ethical practice, offer training resources, and maintain a searchable directory so people can easily find qualified hearing healthcare professionals.

• Phone: 01543 442155

• Website: bshaa.com

National Deaf Children’s Society (NDCS)

The NDCS champions the needs of deaf children and their families, providing targeted support to ensure every child can access the right hearing technology and educational resources. Their services include information on paediatric hearing aids, school support, and family events.

• Phone: 0808 800 8880

• Website: ndcs.org.uk

All references

Action on Hearing Loss (2020) ‘Hearing aid preferences’, [Online]. Available from: https://www.actiononhearingloss.org.uk

British Academy of Audiology (2020) ‘UK hearing aid trends report’, [Online]. Available from: https://www.baaudiology.org

British Society of Audiology (2019) ‘Preventing moisture damage in hearing aids’, [Online]. Available from: https://www.thebsa.org.uk

British Society of Hearing Aid Audiologists (2020) ‘Annual conference proceedings’, [Online]. Available from: https://www.bshaa.org

British Tinnitus Association (2018) ‘Adapting to hearing aids for tinnitus relief’, [Online]. Available from: https://www.tinnitus.org.uk

Equality Act (2010) ‘Guidance for employers’, [Online]. Available from: https://www.legislation.gov.uk

Gov.uk (2021) ‘Access to Work factsheet’, [Online]. Available from: https://www.gov.uk

Hearing Aid Association (2021) ‘Maintenance best practices’, [Online]. Available from: https://www.hearingaidassociation.org

Hearing Industry Association (2021) ‘AI-driven hearing technology’, [Online]. Available from: https://www.hearingindustry.org

Hearing Link (2019) ‘Emotional wellbeing for hearing aid users’, [Online]. Available from: https://www.hearinglink.org

NHS (2019) ‘Hearing loss, tinnitus and dementia’, [Online]. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk

NHS Digital (2021) ‘Hearing test statistics in England’, [Online]. Available from: https://digital.nhs.uk

NHS England (2020) ‘Audiology services usage’, [Online]. Available from: https://www.england.nhs.uk

RNID (2022) ‘Hearing loss data and statistics’, [Online]. Available from: https://rnid.org.uk

Royal National Institute for Deaf People (2021) ‘Hearing aids and AI algorithms’, [Online]. Available from: https://rnid.org.uk

Which? (2020) ‘Consumer rights for hearing aid purchases’, [Online]. Available from: https://www.which.co.uk

Disclaimer

The information provided in this guide is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute professional dental advice. While the content is prepared and backed by a qualified dentist (the “Author”), neither Clearwise nor the Author shall be held liable for any errors, omissions, or outcomes arising from the use of this information. Every individual’s dental situation is unique, and readers should consult with a qualified dentist for personalised advice and treatment plans.

Furthermore, Clearwise may recommend external partners who are qualified dentists for further consultation or treatment. These recommendations are provided as a convenience, and Clearwise is not responsible for the quality, safety, or outcomes of services provided by these external partners. Engaging with any external partner is done at your own discretion and risk. Clearwise disclaims any liability related to the advice, services, or products offered by external partners, and is indemnified for any claims arising from such recommendations.