Polynucleotide skin treatments

Introduction to polynucleotide skin treatments

Polynucleotide skin treatments are at the forefront of modern aesthetic and therapeutic skincare, offering innovative solutions for various complexion concerns. As demand for non-surgical enhancements grows in the UK, these treatments are quickly becoming a topic of conversation among dermatology experts and skincare professionals. This guide aims to demystify what polynucleotide treatments are, how they work, and why they may be beneficial for certain individuals. By reviewing both the scientific foundations and practical considerations, readers can decide whether these treatments suit their personal skin goals. The information within this guide is intended to offer clarity, reassurance, and evidence-based insights.

Understanding the basics

Polynucleotides are long-chain molecules composed of nucleotide subunits, which play a crucial role in DNA and RNA. In skincare, these molecules are often sourced from safe biological materials and purified to high standards before use in treatments. Once administered, polynucleotide injections or topicals aim to revitalise skin by supporting natural cell processes.

Below is a brief overview of fundamental points regarding polynucleotide skin treatments:

• Source of polynucleotides: Commonly derived from fish milt or other biological materials, then processed to ensure purity.

• Aim of treatment: Enhance skin hydration, firmness, and overall appearance by encouraging collagen production and healthy cell turnover.

• Typical areas treated: Face, neck, and sometimes the décolletage or hands, targeting areas that show visible signs of ageing.

Key reasons for growing popularity

Short paragraphs and bullet points can help to break down why polynucleotide skin treatments have gained traction:

• They offer a non-surgical option for those wary of invasive procedures.

• They may encourage the skin’s intrinsic repair mechanisms, potentially yielding long-term benefits.

• They often require little downtime, which appeals to busy professionals or parents.

Potential differences compared to other skin treatments

A closer look at clinical credibility

Many UK clinics that offer polynucleotide skin treatments provide evidence from case studies and anecdotal success stories. While these reports are encouraging, it is essential to note that extensive, peer-reviewed research is still ongoing. Before committing to any new therapy, individuals are strongly advised to look for reputable clinics and registered practitioners, as well as to examine any supporting evidence that resonates with their own circumstances.

The above blockquote illustrates the emerging clinical interest in polynucleotide treatments. Although findings are still being compiled, positive trends point towards benefits for skin texture and overall dermal health.

Emotional reassurance

For those concerned about new or less mainstream treatments, it’s natural to feel cautious. Confidence can stem from understanding the underlying science and seeking guidance from professionals who specialise in medical aesthetics. By asking the right questions and reviewing clinical evidence, individuals can be reassured of the potential safety and efficacy of polynucleotide skin treatments.

How polynucleotides work

Polynucleotide-based therapies leverage the inherent properties of nucleotide chains to support the body’s cellular regeneration processes. These chains, when introduced into the skin, can promote localised healing and repair activities, which may result in a more youthful, revitalised complexion. This section provides a deeper look into the underlying science, outlining the mechanisms behind how polynucleotides interact with skin cells.

The role of nucleotides in the body

Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA and RNA. They store and transmit genetic information and play critical roles in various biological processes. In skin care, polynucleotides (which are extended chains of nucleotides) may:

• Aid in repairing damaged DNA in skin cells.

• Stimulate fibroblasts, which produce collagen and elastin.

• Encourage angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels) for improved circulation.

When delivered through injections or advanced topical applications, these polynucleotides can assist in cell turnover, ensuring newer, healthier cells reach the surface more effectively.

Mechanism of action in skin treatments

After application or injection, polynucleotides potentially trigger a cascade of events within the dermis:

1. Localised cellular activation: Skin cells respond to the introduction of polynucleotide fragments, ramping up repair and renewal activities.

2. Increased hydration: Polynucleotides can bind to water molecules, improving moisture retention in the skin.

3. Enhanced structural integrity: Through collagen and elastin production support, skin may appear plumper and smoother.

Bullet points for clarity

• Collagen synthesis: Polynucleotides may stimulate the fibroblast cells responsible for collagen production.

• Elastin support: Improved elastin levels contribute to the skin’s resilience and flexibility.

• Moisture retention: Adequate hydration can reduce the appearance of fine lines and dullness.

Comparing polynucleotides to traditional rejuvenation methods

Unlike some other treatments that focus solely on adding volume or exfoliating surface layers, polynucleotides target the skin’s foundational biology. This biostimulatory effect has the potential to deliver natural-looking results without dramatically altering facial structure.

Potential implications for different skin types

One of the reasons polynucleotide treatments are gaining attention is their adaptability to various skin types. While they may be particularly appealing to those experiencing early signs of ageing, younger individuals looking to maintain skin health could also explore these therapies. However, it is crucial to note that results can vary widely based on factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and overall skincare routine.

Potential benefits

Polynucleotide skin treatments appeal to a broad range of people seeking subtle yet effective enhancements to their skin’s appearance and health. By addressing underlying cellular mechanisms, these treatments aim to restore and maintain youthful features such as firmness, elasticity, and luminosity.

Key benefits at a glance

1. Enhanced skin elasticity: Through stimulating collagen and elastin production, polynucleotides help the skin regain a more supple, resilient texture.

2. Improved hydration: By binding moisture in the dermal layers, treatments can potentially offer a more radiant complexion.

3. Reduction in fine lines: Targeted polynucleotide therapy may soften the look of superficial wrinkles, contributing to a more youthful look.

4. Natural-looking results: As the approach centres on biological repair, the outcome often appears subtle and gradually develops over time.

5. Versatility: Applicable to the face, neck, and other areas with ageing or damaged skin concerns.

Emotional reassurance and aesthetic outcomes

One of the standout features of polynucleotide treatments is the psychological impact they can have. A smoother, healthier-looking complexion may boost self-esteem and present a rejuvenated appearance. In many cases, clients report feeling more confident after noticing improvements in skin quality, texture, and overall glow.

Below is a table comparing polynucleotide treatments to other popular aesthetic procedures, focusing on common benefits:

Blockquote from a UK-based dermatology perspective

Considering realistic expectations

While polynucleotide treatments show promise, setting realistic expectations is vital. Results often manifest gradually, reflecting the time required for the skin’s natural renewal processes. Those anticipating immediate, dramatic changes might prefer alternative approaches like dermal fillers or laser therapies. By working in tandem with a skincare professional, individuals can align their treatment plan with both short-term goals and long-term skin health.

Who might benefit

Determining whether polynucleotide skin treatments are appropriate often hinges on a person’s skin characteristics, concerns, and overall health. While these therapies can be broadly beneficial, some groups may find more pronounced advantages than others.

Identifying suitable candidates

1. Early signs of ageing: Those in their 30s and 40s who notice the initial emergence of fine lines or diminished elasticity.

2. Prevention-focused individuals: Younger adults who wish to maintain a healthy complexion and minimise future ageing.

3. Post-acne scarring: Those seeking to improve skin texture after dealing with persistent acne.

4. Hyperpigmentation concerns: While results can vary, polynucleotide treatments may assist with mild pigment irregularities by promoting skin renewal.

When to proceed with caution

Not all individuals are automatically suited to polynucleotide-based therapies. It is crucial to consult a qualified practitioner before deciding whether these treatments align with personal needs. Potential precautionary considerations include:

• Allergies: Sensitivity to the source material used to derive polynucleotides, though rare, is possible.

• Pregnancy or breastfeeding: Many experts advise against elective procedures during these periods without explicit medical guidance.

• Active skin infections or conditions: Pre-existing skin complaints like active eczema, psoriasis flare-ups, or rosacea may require special care.

The UK perspective: tailoring to local conditions

In the UK, variations in climate, lifestyle, and even diet can influence skin health. Individuals exposed to high levels of pollution or who experience harsh, windy weather may have compromised skin barriers. Polynucleotide treatments can be particularly beneficial in such scenarios due to their regenerative properties.

Emotional reassurance: gradual improvement

For those feeling uncertain about invasive cosmetic procedures, polynucleotide therapies offer a gentler alternative. They encourage the body’s own repair mechanisms rather than imposing drastic structural changes. This gradual improvement often feels more comfortable for individuals seeking a subtle, natural shift.

Candidate suitability

Risks and side effects

While polynucleotide skin treatments generally have a good safety profile when administered by a qualified professional, no cosmetic or medical procedure is without potential drawbacks. Understanding the risks and side effects helps individuals make informed decisions.

Common side effects

Most side effects are mild and temporary, often resolving within a few days. They might include:

• Redness at the injection site: A normal reaction that subsides as the skin recovers.

• Swelling or minor bruising: Particularly around sensitive facial areas.

• Sensitivity or mild discomfort: Some may experience a sensation akin to a light sting or itchiness post-treatment.

Less common and rare complications

Though uncommon, certain adverse outcomes can occur:

1. Allergic reactions: Signs may include persistent redness, itching, or swelling that worsens instead of improving.

2. Infections: Strict sterilisation and aftercare minimise this risk, but any unusual symptoms should prompt immediate medical advice.

3. Nodule formation: Rare lumps beneath the skin might develop if the product is not injected correctly or if the skin reacts unexpectedly.

Mitigating risks through proper care

Working with a certified practitioner is paramount in reducing the likelihood of complications. They will typically:

• Conduct a comprehensive consultation to review medical history and allergies.

• Utilise sterile techniques and approved products.

• Provide a clear aftercare plan to support healing.

Adhering to recommended aftercare guidelines — such as avoiding intense sun exposure or using recommended topical products — can also limit undesirable effects.

Emotional reassurance and realistic expectations

Preparing mentally for the possibility of mild, short-term side effects can ease anxieties. By framing these treatments as a multi-step process that involves minor healing periods, individuals often feel more in control of their experience. Having open communication channels with a practitioner helps ensure any concerns are quickly addressed.

Tips to minimise risk

• Choose a reputable clinic with registered professionals.

• Disclose all health conditions and allergies during consultation.

• Follow all post-treatment instructions carefully, including gentle skin care.

• Monitor any adverse changes and seek help if symptoms persist or worsen.

Treatment process and aftercare

Achieving the best outcomes with polynucleotide skin treatments relies on understanding the journey from initial consultation to post-procedure care. By following professional advice meticulously, many individuals find the process straightforward and reassuring.

Overview of the treatment process

1. Initial consultation: A qualified practitioner will assess your skin, discuss goals, and rule out any contraindications.

2. Preparation: Depending on the clinic, a topical anaesthetic might be applied to minimise discomfort.

3. Administration: Polynucleotide solutions are typically injected using fine needles, with multiple small injections targeting key areas.

4. Immediate aftermath: Some redness or swelling may be visible, but it often subsides within hours or days.

Aftercare best practices

Effective aftercare is crucial for ensuring the treatment’s benefits are maximised:

• Gentle cleansing: Use mild, non-abrasive products to keep the treated area clean and free from irritation.

• Avoid strenuous activity: Vigorous exercise or heavy sweating can exacerbate swelling and prolong recovery times.

• Sun protection: Wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen to shield delicate, healing skin from UV damage.

• Follow-up appointments: Many practitioners offer a review session or additional treatments, especially for more pronounced or stubborn issues.

Combining polynucleotides with other therapies

Polynucleotide treatments can sometimes be combined with procedures like micro-needling or gentle chemical peels to enhance results:

• Micro-needling: Helps deliver active ingredients deeper into the dermis.

• Mild peels: Can clear away dead skin cells, creating a more receptive surface for polynucleotides.

• Dermal fillers: Offer targeted volumising while polynucleotides support cellular rejuvenation.

It’s advisable to stagger treatments or allow a few weeks between procedures to minimise stress on the skin. A thorough discussion with a practitioner can help map out a personalised treatment plan.

Emotional reassurance: feeling prepared

Understanding each stage of the treatment process often reduces anxiety and fosters a sense of control. Being aware of the short-lived nature of side effects, such as mild redness or swelling, allows individuals to focus on the potential long-term rewards.

Choosing a UK practitioner

Selecting the right practitioner can have a major impact on the success of polynucleotide skin treatments. With the surge in aesthetic clinics nationwide, it is vital to do thorough research and ensure the practitioner is competent, experienced, and properly registered.

Qualifications and accreditations

In the UK, regulatory bodies such as the General Medical Council (GMC) for doctors or the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) for nurses oversee medical professionals. Key points to consider:

• Formal credentials: Check if your practitioner is a medical professional or holds relevant dermatological qualifications.

• Professional memberships: Membership in recognised associations, such as the British Association of Dermatologists (BAD), can indicate a dedication to ongoing education.

• Clinic licensing: Ensure the clinic itself is licensed and meets cleanliness and safety standards.

What to look for during consultations

When meeting a prospective practitioner:

1. Ask about experience: Inquire about how many polynucleotide procedures they have performed and their usual outcomes.

2. Request before-and-after photos: Real-life examples can offer insight into their skill.

3. Discuss realistic expectations: A reputable practitioner will avoid unrealistic promises and carefully manage your hopes.

Below is a concise bullet list of red flags to be mindful of:

• High-pressure sales tactics

• Vague or evasive answers

• Lack of transparency about costs and potential side effects

• Inability to show evidence of qualifications or training

Geographic considerations

Whether you reside in a major city like London, Manchester, or Liverpool, or in a smaller town, access to quality treatment can vary. Large urban centres typically have multiple clinics, but smaller local clinics may offer more personalised care. Travel for treatment is not uncommon, particularly if it grants access to a highly qualified specialist.

Emotional reassurance: trust and comfort

Feeling at ease is paramount when undergoing any aesthetic procedure. A practitioner should demonstrate empathy, clear communication, and a dedication to patient safety. Building trust often starts with a transparent consultation where your goals, questions, and concerns are handled with respect and honesty.

Costs and regulations

Navigating the financial and regulatory aspects of polynucleotide skin treatments is crucial for a well-rounded understanding of what to expect. The aesthetic market in the UK can vary significantly in price and quality, making it vital for prospective clients to be aware of standard costs, potential hidden fees, and prevailing regulations that govern this sector.

Typical cost range

The cost of polynucleotide treatments in the UK can depend on multiple factors:

• Clinic reputation: Established clinics with experienced staff often charge higher fees.

• Location: Central London clinics may be more expensive than those in other regions.

• Number of sessions: Some individuals require multiple treatments to achieve optimal results.

A single session might range from around £300 to £600, although high-end clinics can charge more. Package deals are sometimes available, offering a discount if multiple sessions are booked at once.

Potential additional fees

Consultation charges can sometimes be separate from treatment costs, although many clinics waive this fee if you proceed with a booking. There could also be charges for aftercare products, follow-up appointments, or other complementary treatments like chemical peels or micro-needling. Always ensure that you clarify these details upfront to avoid surprises.

Regulations in the UK

The aesthetic sector in Britain is partially regulated, with ongoing efforts to tighten rules around cosmetic procedures. Key bodies include:

• MHRA (Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency): Oversees medicines and medical devices.

• CQC (Care Quality Commission): Inspects and regulates health and social care services in England.

• Local authorities: May require clinics to hold specific licences or meet hygiene standards.

Although polynucleotide treatments are not classified in the same way as prescription-only medicines, they still require careful administration by qualified professionals.

Emotional reassurance: balancing cost and safety

Investing in aesthetic treatments can be both a financial and emotional decision. While cost is a practical concern, it is essential not to compromise on safety or results. By choosing a fully qualified practitioner who follows recommended guidelines, individuals can feel more confident in their investment.

Summary of regulatory bodies

Conclusion

Polynucleotide skin treatments offer a promising route for individuals seeking a non-surgical, biostimulatory approach to skin rejuvenation. By supporting collagen production, hydrating the skin, and contributing to an overall healthier complexion, these therapies can provide both visible and emotional benefits.

Yet, the decision to pursue this treatment should be informed and guided by professional advice. Factors such as candidate suitability, potential risks, costs, and realistic expectations all play integral roles in determining whether polynucleotides are the right fit. With a growing body of research supporting their benefits, polynucleotide treatments stand at the frontier of cutting-edge skincare science in the UK.

For many people, the reassurance of gradual, natural-looking improvement is highly appealing. By approaching the process with knowledge, an open mind, and a clear understanding of what polynucleotide therapy entails, individuals can embark on a treatment journey that aligns with their unique goals and lifestyle.

Frequently asked questions

General understanding

What exactly are polynucleotides, and how can they benefit my skin?

Polynucleotides are long chains of nucleotides, which form the basic building blocks of DNA and RNA in the body. When introduced into the skin through targeted treatments, they can encourage cellular repair, support collagen and elastin production, and help maintain healthy skin structure and hydration levels.

Do polynucleotide treatments fall under cosmetic or medical procedures?

They are generally considered aesthetic treatments with medical underpinnings. They should be carried out by qualified practitioners who understand both the biological mechanisms behind polynucleotides and the practical considerations for safe, effective administration.

How long have these treatments been around?

Although polynucleotide research dates back decades, their application in aesthetic medicine has gained momentum in recent years. Advances in extraction and refinement techniques have improved safety and efficacy, making these treatments more widely accessible in the UK.

Are polynucleotides safe to use on sensitive or reactive skin?

Many people with sensitive or reactive skin tolerate polynucleotide therapies well because they are biologically compatible with human tissue. However, it’s crucial to undergo an initial consultation to rule out any specific allergies or conditions that might interfere with treatment.

Can these treatments prevent ageing before it starts?

They can help reinforce the skin’s natural defences by supporting healthy cell function and collagen production. While nothing can truly “stop” ageing, strengthening the skin’s infrastructure may delay the appearance of early ageing signs.

Safety and eligibility

Who is a suitable candidate for polynucleotide treatments?

Most adults concerned about skin laxity, fine lines, or dullness could benefit, though suitability varies. A thorough medical consultation is recommended to ensure no contraindications, such as severe allergies or pre-existing skin conditions, would make the treatment unsuitable.

Are there any health conditions that might rule me out?

Active skin infections, certain autoimmune disorders, and unregulated chronic illnesses could make treatment risky. Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals are usually advised to wait, as clinical data on polynucleotide use in these groups is limited.

Will I need any allergy tests beforehand?

Practitioners may perform a patch test to check for sensitivities to the solution’s components if there’s a history of allergic reactions. This step helps minimise the chance of adverse responses during the procedure.

Can I still have the treatment if I’m on medication?

In most cases, standard medications for chronic conditions don’t conflict with polynucleotide therapies. However, certain drugs that affect blood clotting or immune responses might require extra caution. Always disclose your full medical history to your practitioner.

What about potential infections or complications after the procedure?

Infections are rare when sterile techniques are followed, but they can happen if aftercare instructions aren’t observed. Keep the treated area clean, avoid excessive touching, and consult a practitioner at the first sign of persistent swelling, unusual redness, or discomfort.

Procedure and recovery

What happens during a typical polynucleotide treatment session?

Your skin is cleansed, and often a topical anaesthetic is applied. Next, the practitioner administers small injections of the polynucleotide solution into targeted areas. The session usually takes between 30 and 60 minutes, depending on the size of the treatment area.

Does the treatment hurt?

Most people experience minimal discomfort, thanks to fine needles and optional numbing creams. Some describe a mild sting or pressure, but this feeling typically subsides quickly.

Will there be any downtime?

You might notice mild redness, swelling, or bruising at the injection sites, which can last a few days. Most people return to their daily routines immediately, but it’s wise to avoid strenuous exercise or direct sun exposure for at least 24 hours.

Is there a follow-up appointment?

Many practitioners schedule a follow-up after two to four weeks to assess results, answer questions, and determine whether additional sessions are necessary. In some cases, multiple treatments spaced out over several weeks are recommended for optimal results.

Can I combine polynucleotides with other procedures?

Yes, polynucleotide treatments often pair well with therapies like micro-needling, mild chemical peels, or dermal fillers. Your practitioner can advise on a safe treatment schedule to avoid over-stressing your skin.

Cost and maintenance

How much do polynucleotide treatments typically cost in the UK?

Prices can vary based on clinic reputation, practitioner experience, and geographic location. A single session might range from a few hundred pounds to more than £600. Always confirm whether follow-up sessions and aftercare products are included in the quoted price.

Why do prices differ so much between clinics?

Clinics set fees based on factors like practitioner expertise, clinic overheads, brand partnerships, and the specific formulation of polynucleotide products used. In central urban areas, higher operating costs often result in higher treatment prices.

Will I need regular maintenance sessions?

To sustain results, many individuals opt for periodic top-ups every few months or annually, depending on their skin’s response and desired outcomes. Some notice significant improvements after a single course of sessions, while others prefer ongoing treatments for preventative maintenance.

Can I finance my treatments?

Some aesthetic clinics offer payment plans or financing options. Ask about these during your consultation, but ensure you understand all terms and conditions before committing to a financial agreement.

Are there hidden or additional fees I should watch out for?

In some cases, consultation fees, aftercare products, or follow-up appointments may be charged separately. Asking for an itemised breakdown of costs at the outset can help you budget more accurately.

Lifestyle and results

How soon will I see changes in my skin’s appearance?

Many people report an immediate improvement in skin hydration, but more significant benefits, such as enhanced elasticity and smoother texture, can take several weeks to fully manifest. This delay reflects the time it takes for natural cellular processes to respond to the therapy.

Can I continue my usual skincare routine at home?

Yes, you can maintain most daily skincare habits. However, it’s wise to avoid aggressive treatments (like strong exfoliants or retinol) for a short period as recommended by your practitioner. A gentle, non-irritating regimen will support healing and overall results.

Do lifestyle habits impact how well polynucleotides work?

Factors like smoking, poor diet, and excessive sun exposure can undermine any skincare treatment. Adopting a healthy lifestyle, including staying hydrated and using sunscreen, can enhance and prolong your treatment outcomes.

Is it possible to overdo polynucleotide treatments?

Like any aesthetic procedure, balance is key. Excessive treatments may lead to unwanted side effects or diminish the therapy’s overall benefits. A trusted practitioner will set a sensible treatment schedule tailored to your skin’s needs.

Will my skin revert back if I stop having treatments?

Over time, natural ageing processes will continue. If you discontinue polynucleotide sessions entirely, your skin may gradually return to its baseline condition. However, any interim improvements in skin quality are still beneficial, and resuming treatments later can once again support healthy skin function.

Still have questions?

Even after exploring all these details, you may find yourself wanting more specific information about polynucleotide skin treatments. In that case, speaking directly with an expert can help you receive tailored advice based on your personal skin goals and medical history. If you want to discuss your concerns in greater depth, consider consulting a professional who specialises in polynucleotide therapies.

Glossary

Aesthetic medicine

Aesthetic medicine refers to non-surgical procedures aimed at improving or maintaining an individual’s appearance, skin health, and confidence. It encompasses a range of treatments, such as polynucleotide injections, dermal fillers, and chemical peels.

Amino acids

Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins. In skin health, they contribute to collagen synthesis, tissue repair, and the maintenance of a healthy barrier function.

Angiogenesis

Angiogenesis is the process through which new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels. In skincare treatments, improving localised blood flow can help nourish and regenerate tissue, supporting healthier, more resilient skin.

Biocompatibility

Biocompatibility describes how well a substance or material interacts with the body without causing harmful effects. In polynucleotide treatments, high biocompatibility means the injected material is less likely to trigger adverse reactions.

Biostimulation

Biostimulation involves activating the body’s natural repair and regeneration mechanisms. Polynucleotide treatments promote biostimulation by encouraging collagen and elastin production in the skin.

Collagen

Collagen is a key structural protein that provides the skin with strength and elasticity. Boosting collagen levels through polynucleotide treatments can result in firmer, smoother skin over time.

Cross-linking

Cross-linking is the chemical process that bonds polymer chains together, enhancing their stability. In aesthetic treatments, controlled cross-linking of certain injectables can improve their longevity and effectiveness.

Cytokines

Cytokines are signalling proteins released by cells to communicate with nearby cells. In skin treatments, regulating cytokine activity can influence inflammation, wound healing, and tissue repair.

Dermal fillers

Dermal fillers are injectable substances (often based on hyaluronic acid) used to restore volume, smooth wrinkles, and contour facial features. They differ from polynucleotide treatments by focusing on immediate volumising rather than cellular renewal.

Dermis

The dermis is the thick middle layer of skin that contains blood vessels, nerves, and structures like hair follicles and sweat glands. It plays a central role in structural integrity and is a primary target for polynucleotide skin treatments.

DNA

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) holds the genetic information necessary for the growth, function, and reproduction of cells. Polynucleotide therapies aim to support DNA repair mechanisms within the skin.

Elastin

Elastin is a protein responsible for skin’s elasticity and resilience. Enhanced elastin production can help maintain a supple complexion and reduce the appearance of sagging or fine lines.

Erythema

Erythema refers to skin redness, often a result of increased blood flow or inflammation. Mild erythema is a common short-term side effect after injections or other aesthetic treatments.

Fibroblast

Fibroblasts are cells within the dermis that produce collagen and elastin. Stimulating fibroblasts through biostimulatory treatments like polynucleotides can lead to a noticeable improvement in skin texture and firmness.

Fine lines

Fine lines are early signs of ageing that appear as shallow creases on the skin’s surface. Polynucleotide treatments can help minimise fine lines by boosting collagen, elastin, and skin hydration.

Free radicals

Free radicals are unstable molecules that can damage cells through oxidative stress. They play a significant role in accelerating skin ageing, making antioxidant-rich skincare and protective treatments crucial.

HA (Hyaluronic Acid)

Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring substance in the body that retains moisture and maintains tissue lubrication. While not synonymous with polynucleotides, HA-based products are often used alongside biostimulatory treatments for enhanced results.

Hyperpigmentation

Hyperpigmentation is the darkening of skin patches caused by excessive melanin production. Although polynucleotides primarily target skin renewal, improved cell turnover can also benefit those with mild pigmentation issues.

Hypodermis

The hypodermis, or subcutaneous layer, is the deepest layer of skin composed mainly of fat and connective tissue. Though not the main focus of polynucleotide treatments, it can be influenced indirectly by overall skin health and structure improvements.

Immune response

The immune response is the body’s defence system against harmful invaders or injury. Controlled stimulation of this process through polynucleotide treatments can promote tissue repair while maintaining safety.

Inflammation

Inflammation is the body’s response to irritation or injury, characterised by redness, swelling, and warmth. Short-term inflammation after a treatment signals the body’s healing process, but excessive or prolonged inflammation can be problematic.

Intradermal

Intradermal refers to injections or treatments delivered into the dermis layer of the skin. Polynucleotide skin treatments are often intradermal to directly target cells responsible for collagen production and tissue health.

Keratin

Keratin is a structural protein found in skin, hair, and nails. While polynucleotides aim to boost deeper skin functions, a healthy keratin layer contributes to a strong, protective skin surface.

Laxity

Laxity describes a loss of firmness or tightness in the skin. Treatments that stimulate collagen, such as polynucleotide injections, can help address laxity by improving the skin’s underlying support structure.

Lipids

Lipids are fatty substances that form part of the skin’s barrier, helping to lock in moisture and prevent irritants from entering. Healthy lipid layers are essential for maintaining overall skin balance.

Meso therapy

Meso therapy involves delivering vitamins, enzymes, hormones, and other active substances into the mesoderm (middle layer of the skin). Polynucleotide injections can be part of meso therapy protocols aimed at skin rejuvenation.

Micro-needling

Micro-needling uses fine needles to create controlled micro-injuries in the skin. This process helps stimulate collagen production and can complement polynucleotide treatments by improving product absorption.

MHRA

MHRA (Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency) is the UK body responsible for regulating medicines, medical devices, and certain healthcare products. They may oversee the safety standards of polynucleotide-based therapies.

Nucleotides

Nucleotides are the basic structural units of DNA and RNA, made up of a sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. In the context of skin treatments, polynucleotides (chains of nucleotides) support cellular repair.

Oxidative stress

Oxidative stress occurs when free radical production exceeds the body’s antioxidant defences, potentially damaging cells and speeding up ageing. Treatments that improve cellular health may help mitigate this imbalance.

Peptides

Peptides are short chains of amino acids that can act as signals, instructing cells to perform functions like collagen production. Polynucleotide treatments work alongside peptide-based regimens to reinforce skin integrity.

Photosensitivity

Photosensitivity means heightened sensitivity to sunlight, often resulting in faster sunburn or irritation. Some skin treatments can temporarily increase photosensitivity, making sun protection essential.

Pigmentation

Pigmentation refers to the natural colouring of the skin, primarily determined by melanin. While polynucleotides may indirectly affect pigmentation through enhanced cell turnover, targeted treatments may be required for severe pigmentation issues.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP)

PRP is a regenerative treatment that uses a concentrated form of a patient’s own platelets to accelerate healing and stimulate collagen production. PRP and polynucleotide therapies can sometimes be combined for enhanced skin rejuvenation.

Polynucleotides

Polynucleotides are extended chains of nucleotides that support the body’s natural repair processes. In skin treatments, they are used to stimulate collagen and elastin production, improve moisture retention, and enhance overall skin health.

Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH)

PIH is the darkening of skin that can occur after inflammation, such as acne or a minor wound. Treatments that foster efficient cell turnover, including polynucleotide injections, may help PIH resolve more quickly.

Receptor

A receptor is a protein on the surface or within a cell that responds to specific molecules, triggering a cellular reaction. Effective skin therapies often target certain receptors to modulate repair and rejuvenation processes.

Sebum

Sebum is an oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands to hydrate and protect skin and hair. Excessive or inadequate sebum production can lead to various skin issues, including acne or dryness.

Stratum corneum

The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis that acts as a barrier against external pathogens. Although polynucleotide treatments target deeper layers, a healthy stratum corneum is crucial for overall skin function.

Tissue regeneration

Tissue regeneration is the body’s natural process of repairing or replacing damaged cells. Polynucleotide therapies encourage this regeneration by supporting the cells responsible for building strong, healthy skin.

Topical anaesthetic

A topical anaesthetic is a cream or gel applied to the skin’s surface to reduce pain or discomfort during procedures. Many practitioners use it before polynucleotide injections to ensure a more comfortable experience.

Tretinoin

Tretinoin is a topical form of vitamin A that encourages skin cell turnover, helping to address acne, wrinkles, and hyperpigmentation. It can be used alongside biostimulatory treatments like polynucleotides, but with careful timing and guidance.

UV radiation

UV radiation from sunlight can damage skin cells, accelerate ageing, and increase the risk of conditions like hyperpigmentation. Protecting treated areas from UV exposure is essential for maintaining the benefits of polynucleotide therapy.

Useful organisations

British Association of Dermatologists (BAD)

The British Association of Dermatologists focuses on improving skin health through research, education, and clinical guidance. They provide valuable information on various skin conditions and advocate for best practices in dermatological treatments.

• +44 (0)20 7383 0266

• www.bad.org.uk

NHS

The NHS delivers publicly funded healthcare services across the United Kingdom, including expert guidance on medical and cosmetic procedures. Their online resources help individuals make informed decisions about treatments and overall wellbeing.

• 111 (non-emergency medical advice)

• www.nhs.uk

Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA)

The MHRA is responsible for regulating medicines, medical devices, and other healthcare products within the UK. Their standards and checks help ensure treatments and devices remain safe and effective for public use.

• +44 (0)20 3080 6000

• www.gov.uk/mhra

Health Education England (HEE)

Health Education England supports the training and development of healthcare professionals. By setting quality standards and providing educational resources, HEE ensures practitioners have the skills needed for safe, effective care.

• +44 (0)345 712 5678

• www.hee.nhs.uk

Royal College of Surgeons

The Royal College of Surgeons sets standards and guidelines for surgical practices in the UK. They promote excellence in patient care, training surgeons to uphold rigorous ethical and professional requirements.

• +44 (0)20 7405 3474

• www.rcseng.ac.uk

All references

British Association of Dermatologists (2022). Skin Treatments and Innovations.
https://www.bad.org.uk/

British Dermatological Nursing Group (2021). Guidelines for Aesthetic Nursing.
https://bdng.org.uk/

Health Education England (2022). Aesthetic Practices in the UK: Best Standards.
https://www.hee.nhs.uk/

Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) (2022). Regulation of Medical Devices and Treatments.
https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/medicines-and-healthcare-products-regulatory-agency

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2020). Guidance on Non-Surgical Cosmetic Procedures.
https://www.nice.org.uk/

NHS (2021). Cosmetic Procedures and Patient Safety.
https://www.nhs.uk/

Royal College of Surgeons (2021). Ensuring Competency in Cosmetic Interventions.
https://www.rcseng.ac.uk/

NICE (2022). Skin Health and Preventative Measures.
https://www.nice.org.uk/

Disclaimer

The information provided in this guide is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute professional dental advice. While the content is prepared and backed by a qualified dentist (the “Author”), neither Clearwise nor the Author shall be held liable for any errors, omissions, or outcomes arising from the use of this information. Every individual’s dental situation is unique, and readers should consult with a qualified dentist for personalised advice and treatment plans.

Furthermore, Clearwise may recommend external partners who are qualified dentists for further consultation or treatment. These recommendations are provided as a convenience, and Clearwise is not responsible for the quality, safety, or outcomes of services provided by these external partners. Engaging with any external partner is done at your own discretion and risk. Clearwise disclaims any liability related to the advice, services, or products offered by external partners, and is indemnified for any claims arising from such recommendations.